Find the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of f(x) = (2x + 3)/(x - 4).
Solution
Problem
Step 1: Find the vertical asymptote.
A vertical asymptote of a rational function can occur where the denominator equals zero, provided the factor does not cancel with the numerator.
Set the denominator equal to zero:
x - 4 = 0
Solve:
x = 4
The numerator at x = 4 is:
2(4) + 3 = 11
Since the numerator is not zero, the factor does not cancel. Therefore, x = 4 is a vertical asymptote.
Step 2: Compare the degrees to find the horizontal asymptote.
The numerator 2x + 3 has degree 1.
The denominator x - 4 also has degree 1.
When the numerator and denominator have the same degree, the horizontal asymptote is the ratio of their leading coefficients.
Step 3: Find the ratio of the leading coefficients.
The leading coefficient of the numerator is 2.
The leading coefficient of the denominator is 1.
Therefore:
y = 2/1 = 2
So the horizontal asymptote is y = 2.
Therefore, the vertical asymptote is x = 4 and the horizontal asymptote is y = 2.
Result
Vertical asymptote: x = 4; Horizontal asymptote: y = 2